Abnormalities — classification and criteria

22. Munro MG, Balen AH, Cho S, Critchley HOD, Díaz I, Ferriani R, et al; FIGO Committee on Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts, and FIGO Committee on Reproductive Medicine, Endocrinology, and Infertility. The FIGO ovulatory disorders classification system. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2022;159(1):1–20. doi:10.1002/ijgo.14331Verified Source of the HyPO-P classification (Type I hypothalamic, II pituitary, III ovarian, IV PCOS) and the second-level GAIN-FIT-PIE subclassification. Replaces the WHO ovulatory disorder groups.
23. Teede HJ, Tay CT, Laven JJE, Dokras A, Moran LJ, Piltonen TT, et al. Recommendations from the 2023 international evidence-based guideline for the assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023;108(10):2447–2469.Verified Source for the 2023 PCOS criteria: AMH permitted as an alternative to ultrasound in adults only; ultrasound and AMH not recommended within 8 years of menarche; neither required where irregular cycles and hyperandrogenism coexist. Author list and pagination confirmed against the journal record; verify full author order before formal citation.
24. European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) Guideline Group on POI. Management of women with premature ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod. 2016;31(5):926–937.Re-verify Source of the POI diagnostic criteria used on this site: oligo/amenorrhea ≥4 months before age 40 with FSH >25 IU/L on two occasions >4 weeks apart. The criteria themselves were confirmed across multiple secondary sources; confirm the guideline citation and whether a later update supersedes it.
25. Clarke MA, Long BJ, Del Mar Morillo A, Arbyn M, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Wentzensen N. Association of endometrial cancer risk with postmenopausal bleeding in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178(9):1210–1222. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2018.2820Verified 129 studies. Pooled prevalence of postmenopausal bleeding among women with endometrial cancer approximately 91%; pooled risk of endometrial cancer among women with postmenopausal bleeding 9% (95% CI 8–11%), ranging from 7% among hormone therapy users to 12% when they were excluded.
26. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee Opinion No. 580: Von Willebrand disease in women. Obstet Gynecol. 2013;122(6):1368–1373.Re-verify Basis for the recommendation to screen adolescents with severe heavy menstrual bleeding. Confirm number, pagination and whether the opinion has since been reaffirmed, withdrawn or replaced.
27. Shankar M, Lee CA, Sabin CA, Economides DL, Kadir RA. Von Willebrand disease in women with menorrhagia: a systematic review. BJOG. 2004;111(7):734–740.Re-verify Source of the pooled von Willebrand disease prevalence of approximately 13% (range across studies 5–24%) among women with heavy menstrual bleeding. The figures were confirmed via secondary citation; verify the primary record directly before publication.

Where a claim on this site could not be traced to one of the sources in these lists, it is not stated. Where two sources disagree, both are shown rather than reconciled. Corrections are welcome — obmd.com.